Cardio-Oncology: Cardiovascular Complications of Cancer Therapies and Shared Risk

This chapter reviews the rapidly expanding field of cardio-oncology, addressing the cardiovascular toxicities associated with conventional chemotherapy, targeted biological agents, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies, and radiation. It critically examines the mechanisms of cardiotoxicity — including cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, pericardial disease, vascular events, and arrhythmias — and evaluates evidence-based strategies for baseline cardiovascular risk assessment, surveillance, and cardioprotective intervention. The chapter also explores the emerging concept of shared biological pathways linking cancer and cardiovascular disease, including the role of clonal haematopoiesis and systemic inflammation.