Male Infertility and Andrology: Translational Research and Clinical Advances

This chapter reviews the scientific and clinical advances shaping the diagnosis and management of male factor infertility, encompassing spermatogenesis biology, epigenetic regulation of fertility, and genetic causes including Y-chromosome microdeletions and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator mutations. It evaluates emerging techniques in sperm retrieval, sperm selection, and assisted reproduction, alongside pharmacological interventions targeting hypogonadism and oxidative stress pathways. The impact of environmental exposures, lifestyle factors, and systemic diseases on male reproductive health is critically assessed.