Neurodevelopmental Disorders: New Perspectives on Autism Spectrum Disorder and ADHD

This chapter offers an updated scientific synthesis of research on autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, focusing on recent advances in etiology, neuroimaging, and evidence-based intervention. It discusses emerging findings regarding the heterogeneity of clinical presentations, the neuroscience of social cognition and executive function, and the role of sensory processing differences in shaping symptom profiles. Contemporary approaches to early identification and multimodal intervention are critically reviewed in the context of a precision psychiatry framework.