Advances in Glaucoma Diagnosis and Management: From Structural Biomarkers to Minimally Invasive Surgery

This chapter reviews significant developments in the detection and management of glaucoma, encompassing advances in structural and functional diagnostic biomarkers, the evolving role of artificial intelligence in perimetry and imaging interpretation, and novel pharmacological strategies including sustained-release drug delivery systems. It further examines the rapidly expanding landscape of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS), reviewing the evidence base for trabecular, suprachoroidal, and subconjunctival approaches in the context of individualized surgical decision-making.