Cardiac and Vascular Imaging: CT Angiography, Cardiac MRI, and Coronary Plaque Characterisation

Cardiovascular imaging has been revolutionised by high-resolution CT angiography with fractional flow reserve reconstruction, tissue-characterising cardiac MRI sequences, and advanced echocardiographic platforms capable of detecting subclinical structural and functional disease. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the technical and clinical advances in non-invasive cardiovascular imaging, with particular focus on coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, valvular disease, and emerging applications in myocardial inflammation and infiltrative disorders.