Minimally Invasive Surgery in Gynecology: Techniques, Technology, and Outcomes

This chapter provides a state-of-the-art review of minimally invasive surgical (MIS) approaches in gynecology, including laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, and robotic-assisted surgery, with detailed discussion of their indications, oncologic adequacy, and comparative outcomes relative to open techniques. It critically evaluates the expanding role of single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS), natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES), and energy-based surgical devices in improving patient recovery and reducing operative morbidity. The chapter also addresses the learning curve, training considerations, and cost-effectiveness analyses that inform institutional adoption of robotic platforms.