Pediatric Neurosurgery: Recent Advances in the Management of Developmental and Acquired Pathologies

Pediatric neurosurgery encompasses a spectrum of conditions — including hydrocephalus, craniosynostosis, Chiari malformations, pediatric brain tumors, and epilepsy — where recent advances have meaningfully altered surgical approaches and long-term outcomes. This chapter reviews contemporary management strategies across these domains, with emphasis on endoscopic third ventriculostomy, fetal neurosurgical interventions, pediatric neuro-oncology, and epilepsy surgery in the developing brain. It also discusses the evolving evidence on neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality-of-life metrics in pediatric neurosurgical populations.