Pulmonary Hypertension: Mechanistic Insights and Novel Treatment Strategies

This chapter critically reviews recent advances in the understanding of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and other forms of pulmonary hypertension, with emphasis on the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving vascular remodeling. It surveys the latest developments in risk stratification frameworks, combination targeted therapy approaches, and emerging investigational agents, reflecting the evolving landscape of a field in which treatment paradigms have shifted substantially over the past decade.